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EMR Stylus (Electro-magnetic Resonance): How Wacom Pens work

May 19, 2020

This article was originally published on Essential Picks.

Digital pens are getting better year after year. Wacom’s patented EMR technology has been at the forefront of all those improvements.

EMR stands for Electromagnetic Resonance. EMR powered digital pens are more common than you think. This technology could be seen in stylus from all the major brands such as Samsung, Microsoft, Dell, Wacom, etc.

Wacom Pro Pen 2

The key feature of these EMR based pens is – they do not have batteries inside. So how do they work and where do they get their power from, that is what we will learn in this EMR based Wacom stylus breakdown.

This is a simplified breakdown of the working of EMR pens, we have provided some useful links at the end of the article for those who want to dig deeper.

How Wacom pens work – Overview

 

Infographic-2

The pen gets its power using EMR (Electro-Magnetic Resonance) which is a fancy way of saying “it receives its power from the tablet”.

The tablet has a grid of wire throughout the surface which generates an electromagnetic field. These electromagnetic fields are picked up by the pen when it approaches near the surface.

Inside the stylus, there is a coil of wire which picks up those electromagnetic fields and transforms them into electrical energy. Kind of similar to how wireless chargers convert EM-waves into electric power.

The generated electrical energy is then used to record the pressure, tilt and other data(Button clicks). The generated data goes back to the coil and gets converted into waves that get picked up by the tablet.

Exaggerated representation

https://www.instagram.com/p/BqXuSc2DgEr/

Breakdown – The technology behind

The EMR based stylus works by wireless transfer, conversion, and detection of electromagnetic waves. The surface of the tablet is responsible for sensing and receiving EM-Waves, and the stylus is responsible for recording pressure data and sensing it back to the tablet.

Wire grid

Wire grid in EMR based tablets, source: Scanlime

Opening the tablet you would find horizontal and vertical wires making a grid pattern and running across the surface the tablet.

These wires send electromagnetic waves which are picked by the stylus when it comes near the surface of the tablet.

copper coils

The pens have copper coils near the tip which receives the waves and transforms them into electrical energy. This energy is used to record pressure signals and button presses which are then transmitted back to the tablet in the form of EM-waves.

All these processes are controlled by a set of microcontrollers and capacitors present on the stylus.

Next, the tablet receives the data from the pen and further processes it along with the pen position and tilt data to ultimately produce results that we see on the computer.

This whole transfer and receiving the waves is performed in two steps. After every transfer of EM-Waves the tablet waits for a receiving signal from the pen. This is what constitutes one cycle. To accurately measure the pressure and position of the stylus this whole cycle repeats a couple hundred in a second.

Advantages of EMR pens

Maintenance free

By maintenance-free, we mean that the passive pen does not need to be charged at repeated intervals. They can be used whenever you want and for whatever period of time, continuously.

Less susceptible to damage

These pens do not have any moving parts which flex over time and damages the circuit. The battery inside most of the pens degrades over time and negatively affects their usability. The batteryless pens prevent all these issues by excluding the battery itself.

Better Accuracy

The EMR technology gives overall a better performance due to a very high number of data points and fast communication. Its output is more consistent and smooth. The pressure curve is accurate even at the lowest levels giving near-perfect readings and output.

 

Source:
Patent US8228312B2
Patent US8395598B2

More Resources: Active Pen (Wikipedia)

Related Topics: Tilt Sensitivity and Barrel Rotation in stylus

About the author

TTodd Davisodd Davis is a contributor to Essentialpicks, Todd Davis likes all things tech. He has a master’s degree in electronics and a deep understanding of underlying technologies used inside tech products. He likes to travel and fly his drone around. He can often be found on the trails of California.

Wacom Movink pen display

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